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business
production and operations management

Questions and Answers of Production And Operations Management

R.S. Sharma, an industrial engineer made random ‘snap’ observations of the work of four clerk-cum-typists (CT, for short) in his branch office over a period of ten days. The three typists were
Take any operation that you encounter frequently and you feel is being performed less efficiently than desired by you. Study it in detail using Work Study principles and present your observations and
LO 15.7 Cyclical scheduling is used to schedule:a) jobs.b) machines.c) shipments.d) employees
LO 15.6 What is computerized short-term scheduling that overcomes the disadvantage of rule-based systems by providing the user with graphical interactive computing?a) LPTb) FCSc) CSSd) FCFSe) GIC
LO 15.5 The job that should be scheduled last when using Johnson’s rule is the job with the:a) largest total processing time on both machines.b) smallest total processing time on both machines.c)
LO 15.4 The most popular priority rules include:a) FCFS.b) EDD.c) SPT.d) all of the above.
LO 15.3 The assignment method involves adding and subtracting appropriate numbers in the table to find the lowest _____ for each assignment.a) profitb) number of stepsc) number of allocationsd) range
LO 15.2 A visual aid used in loading and scheduling jobs is a:a) Gantt chart.b) planning file.c) bottleneck.d) load-schedule matrix.e) level material chart.
LO 15.1 Which of the following decisions covers the longest time period?a) Short-term schedulingb) Capacity planningc) Aggregate planningd) A master schedule
4. How does the schedule impact productivity? Whether it’s scheduling nurses at Mayo Clinic, pilots at Southwest Airlines, classrooms at UCLA, or servers at a Hard Rock Cafe, it’s clear that good
3. Why is seniority important in scheduling servers? Whether it’s scheduling nurses at Mayo Clinic, pilots at Southwest Airlines, classrooms at UCLA, or servers at a Hard Rock Cafe, it’s clear
2. What can be done to lower turnover in large restaurants? Whether it’s scheduling nurses at Mayo Clinic, pilots at Southwest Airlines, classrooms at UCLA, or servers at a Hard Rock Cafe, it’s
1. Name and justify several factors that Hoffman could use in forecasting weekly sales. Whether it’s scheduling nurses at Mayo Clinic, pilots at Southwest Airlines, classrooms at UCLA, or servers
3. Does Charlie have any extra personnel or a shortage of personnel?If so how many?The massive 875,000-square-foot Amway Center in Orlando, Florida, is a state-of-the-art sports entertainment center.
2. What time will the floor be ready?The massive 875,000-square-foot Amway Center in Orlando, Florida, is a state-of-the-art sports entertainment center. While it is the home of the Orlando Magic
1. Make a Gantt chart to help Charlie organize his crew to perform the concert-to-basketball conversion. Note: Do not include the teardown of the concert stage and equipment, as that is the
4. Whoever performs the packaging function is severely underutilized.Can you find a better way of utilizing the four- or five-person crew than either giving each a single job or allowing each to
3. What is the fastest time to manufacture a table with the original crew if Cathy is moved to either preparation or finishing?In 2018, George Wright started the Old Oregon Wood Store to manufacture
2. Would production rates and quantities change significantly if George would allow Randy to perform one of the four functions and make one of the original crew the backup person?In 2018, George
1. What is the fastest way to manufacture Old Oregon tables using the original crew? How many could be made per day?In 2018, George Wright started the Old Oregon Wood Store to manufacture Old Oregon
• • 15.2 First Printing and Copy Center has four more jobs to be scheduled, in addition to those shown in Example 3 in the chapter. Production scheduling personnel are reviewing the Gantt chart
• • 15.1 Ron Satterfield’s excavation company uses both Gantt scheduling charts and Gantt load charts.a) Today, which is the end of day 7, Ron is reviewing the Gantt chart depicting these
Illustrate the throughput time and idle time at the two work centers in Solved Problem 15.4 by constructing a time-phased chart
The Dallas firm in Solved Problem 15.2 also wants to consider job sequencing by the SPT priority rule. Apply SPT to the same data, and provide a recommendation.
13. What is input–output control?
12. What are the advantages to finite capacity scheduling?
11. What are the steps of the assignment method of linear programming?
10. State the four effectiveness measures for dispatching rules.
9. When is Johnson’s rule best applied in job-shop scheduling?
8. Which shop-floor scheduling rule would you prefer to apply if you were the leader of the only team of experts charged with defusing several time bombs scattered throughout your building? You can
7. Explain the terms flow time and lateness.
6. What is a due date?
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the shortest processing time (SPT) rule?
4. Name five priority sequencing rules. Explain how each works to assign jobs.
3. Describe what is meant by “loading” work centers. What are the two ways work centers can be loaded? What are two techniques used in loading?
2. List the four criteria for determining the effectiveness of a scheduling decision. How do these criteria relate to the four criteria for sequencing decisions?
1. What is the overall objective of scheduling?
Hospital administrator Doris Laughlin wants to staff the oncology ward using a standard 5-day workweek with 2 consecutive days off, but also wants to minimize the staff. However, as in most
First Printing in Winter Park, Florida, wants to use a Gantt chart to show the scheduling of three orders, jobs A, B, and C.APPROACH c In Figure 15.4, each pair of brackets on the time axis denotes
A New Orleans washing machine manufacturer accepts special orders for machines to be used in such unique facilities as submarines, hospitals, and large industrial laundries. The production of each
Define finite capacity scheduling
Name and describe each of the priority sequencing rules
Explain the relationship among short-term scheduling, capacity planning, aggregate planning, and a master schedule
LO S6.7 The _______ risk is the probability that a lot will be rejected despite the quality level exceeding or meeting the _______.
LO S6.6 The ability of a process to meet design specifications is called:a) Taguchi.b) process capability.c) capability index.d) acceptance sampling.e) average outgoing quality.
LO S6.5 Control charts for attributes are:a) p-charts.b) c-charts.c) R-charts.d) x-charts.e) both a and b.
LO S6.4 If parts in a sample are measured and the mean of the sample measurement is outside the control limits:a) the process is out of control, and the cause should be established.b) the process is
LO S6.3 The type of chart used to control the central tendency of variables with continuous dimensions is:a) x-chart.b) R-chart.c) p-chart.d) c-chart.e) none of the above.
LO S6.2 The central limit theorem:a) is the theoretical foundation of the c-chart.b) states that the average of assignable variations is zero.c) allows managers to use the normal distribution as the
LO S6.1 If the mean of a particular sample is within control limits and the range of that sample is not within control limits:a) the process is in control, with only assignable causes of variation.b)
4. The SPC chart on page 284 illustrates Darden’s use of control charts to monitor the weight of salmon filets. Given these data, what conclusion do you, as a Darden quality control inspector,
3. Darden applies SPC in many product attributes. Identify where these are probably used. Darden Restaurants, the $6.3 billion owner of such popular brands as Olive Garden, Seasons 52, and Bahama
2. Select two potential problems—one in the Darden supply chain and one in a restaurant—that can be analyzed with a fish-bone chart. Draw a complete chart to deal with each problem. Darden
1. How does Darden build quality into the supply chain? Darden Restaurants, the $6.3 billion owner of such popular brands as Olive Garden, Seasons 52, and Bahama Breeze, serves more than 320 million
3. Why is quality a critical function at Frito-Lay?Frito-Lay, the multi-billion-dollar snack food giant, produces billions of pounds of product every year at its dozens of U.S. and Canadian plants.
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Frito-Lay drivers stocking their customers’ shelves?Frito-Lay, the multi-billion-dollar snack food giant, produces billions of pounds of product
1. Angela is now going to evaluate a new salt process delivery system and wants to know if the upper and lower control limits at 3 standard deviations for the new system will meet the upper and lower
2. What procedures would you recommend to maintain proper quality control?In November 2018, John Wells, a customer service representative of Bayfield Mud Company, was summoned to the Houston
1. What is your analysis of the bag-weight problem?In November 2018, John Wells, a customer service representative of Bayfield Mud Company, was summoned to the Houston warehouse of Wet-Land Drilling,
• • S6.55 We want to determine the AOQ for an acceptance sampling plan when the quality of the incoming lots in percent defective is 1.5%, and then again when the incoming percent defective is
• • S6.54 In an acceptance sampling plan developed for lots containing 1,000 units, the sample size n is 85. The percent defective of the incoming lots is 2%, and the probability of acceptance is
• • S6.53 The percent defective from an incoming lot is 3%. An OC curve showed the probability of acceptance to be 0.55. Given a lot size of 2,000 and a sample of 100, determine the average
• • S6.52 An acceptance sampling plan has lots of 500 pieces and a sample size of 60. The number of defects in the sample may not exceed 2. This plan, based on an OC curve, has a probability of
• • S6.51 As the supervisor in charge of shipping and receiving, you need to determine the average outgoing quality in a plant where the known incoming lots from your assembly line have an
• • S6.50 The upper and lower design specification limits for a medical procedure performed by Dr. Muge Yayla Kallu are 15 minutes and 13 minutes, respectively. The process x = 14.5 minutes and s
• • S6.49 Product specifications call for a part at Vaidy Jayaraman’s Metalworks to have a length of 1.000" { .040".Currently, the process is performing at a grand average of 1.000"with a
• • S6.48 Two machines are currently in use in a process at the Dennis Kira Mfg. Co. The standards for this process are LSL = .400" and USL = .403". Machine One is currently producing with mean =
• • S6.46 A new process has just been established on Jianli Hu’s assembly line. The process is supposed to place 4 grams of a deep red coloring in each bottle of nail polish with an Upper
• • S6.45 A process filling small bottles with baby formula has a target of 3 ounces {0.150 ounce. Two hundred bottles from the process were sampled. The results showed the average amount of
• • S6.44 Frank Pianki, the manager of an organic yogurt processing plant, desires a quality specification with a mean of 16 ounces, an upper specification limit of 16.5, and a lower
• • S6.43 The specifications for a plastic liner for concrete highway projects calls for a thickness of 3.0 mm {.1 mm. The standard deviation of the process is estimated to be .02 mm. What are
• • S6.42 Linda Boardman, Inc., an equipment manufacturer in Boston, has submitted a sample cutoff valve to improve your manufacturing process. Your process engineering department has conducted
•• S6.41 Meena Chavan Corp.’s computer chip production process yields DRAM chips with an average life of 1,800 hours and s = 100 hours. The tolerance upper and lower specification limits are
• S6.40 The difference between the upper specification and the lower specification for a process is 0.6". The standard deviation is 0.1". What is the process capability ratio, Cp? Interpret this
• S6.36 The smallest defect in a computer chip will render the entire chip worthless. Therefore, tight quality control measures must be established to monitor these chips. In the past, the percent
• • S6.34 A part at Belleh Fontem Manufacturing requires holes of size .5 { 0.01 inches. The drill bit has a stated size of.5 { 0.005 inches and wears at the rate of .00017 inches per hole
• • S6.30 Autopitch devices are made for both major- and minor-league teams to help them improve their batting averages.When set at the standard position, Autopitch can throw hardballs toward a
• S6.29 The overall average of a process you are attempting to monitor at Feryal Erhun Enterprises is 50 units. The average range is 4 units. The sample size you are using is n = 5.a) What are the
• S6.28 The overall average of a process you are attempting to monitor at Gihan Edirisinghe Motors is 75 units. The process standard deviation is 1.95, and the sample size is n = 10. What would be
• S6.21 Peter Ittig’s department store, Ittig Brothers, is Amherst’s largest independent clothier. The store receives an average of six returns per day. Using z = 3, would 9 returns in a day
• S6.17 Refer to Problem S6.16. If the defective rate was 3.5%instead of 1.5%, what would be the control limits (z = 3)?
• S6.16 In the past, the defective rate for your product has been 1.5%. What are the upper and lower control chart limits if you wish to use a sample size of 500 and z = 3?
• • S6.13 The defect rate for data entry of insurance claims at Sadegh Kazemi Insurance Co. has historically been about 1.5%.a) What are the upper and lower control chart limits if you wish to
• • S6.12 Eagletrons are all-electric automobiles produced by Mogul Motors, Inc. One of the concerns of Mogul Motors is that the Eagletrons be capable of achieving appropriate maximum speeds. To
• S6.5 Ross Hopkins is attempting to monitor a filling process that has an overall average of 705 mL. The average range is 6 mL. If you use a sample size of 10, what are the upper and lower control
• S6.4 Rosters Chicken advertises “lite” chicken with 30%fewer calories than standard chicken. When the process for “lite”chicken breast production is in control, the average chicken breast
• S6.3 Thirty-five samples of size 7 each were taken from a fertilizer-bag-filling machine at Panos Kouvelis Lifelong Lawn Ltd.The results were overall mean = 57.75 lb; average range = 1.78 lb.a)
• S6.2 The overall average on a process you are attempting to monitor is 50 units. The process population standard deviation is 1.72. Determine the upper and lower control limits for a mean chart,
• S6.1 Boxes of Honey-Nut Oatmeal are produced to contain 14 ounces, with a standard deviation of .1 ounce. Set up the 3-sigma x-chart for a sample size of 36 boxes.
Ettlie Engineering has a new catalyst injection system for your countertop production line. Your process engineering department has conducted experiments and determined that the mean is 8.01 grams
19. Is a capable process a perfect process? That is, does a capable process generate only output that meets specifications?Explain.
18. In the ideal world, we would like our processes to have a high process capability. Discuss.
17. What is the purpose of acceptance sampling?
16. What is a P-chart used for?
15. Discuss the managerial issues regarding the use of control charts.
14. What is a run test, and when is it used?
13. What are the acceptable quality level (AQL) and the lot tolerance percentage defective (LTPD)? How are they used?
12. Even if the population distribution is not normal (e.g., beta or uniform), can the distribution of sample means be normal?
11. Define Cpk and explain what a Cpk of 1.0 means. What is Cp?
10. In a control chart, what would be the effect on the control limits if the sample size varied from one sample to the next?

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