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business
production and operations management

Questions and Answers of Production And Operations Management

If the set-up cost does depend upon the sequencing as mentioned above, will that make a difference in the calculation of the optimal batch quantities for the joint run of these products?
If the individual batch quantities of multiple products run on the same plant facility are to be calculated individually, how will the individual set-up costs for each of the products be determined?
In a sequence A-B-C, how should the opportunity cost of set-up time be allocated to the products A, B and C? Is there any conceptual difficulty in allocating these costs? How will you take care of
Compare the order cost in a purchasing situation with the set-up cost in a manufacturing situation. Mention the similarities and dissimilarities between the two.
What are the difficulties in expressing the carrying cost of inventory as a fraction of the value of the inventory? In what situations might such an expression for the carrying cost be more useful
When a company procures a number of raw materials, what could be the problems in calculating the EOQ of individual items?
In the case where multiple number of items are procured, how would you apply the EOQ concepts to aggregate inventory control as opposed to individual items inventory control?
What is the shortage cost? Is it difficult to estimate? If so why?
In what different ways can the risk of stock-out be expressed and measured? In what way has the risk of stock-out been expressed in this chapter?
What is the function of a safety stock or buffer stock? What are all the different uncertainties against which you would like to protect the inventory?
If two raw materials R and M are required to make a product and the service level is to be 95% for the production of the product, what are the service level requirements for items R and M
In a fixed order quantity model, the desired protection for the fluctuations in the consumption rates is required only for the lead time of supply of materials. Explain why this is so? How is it
When is the fixed order cycle model preferred? And when is the fixed order quantity model preferred? Explain.
What is lead time? What are the factors you will take into consideration while computing the lead time?
The inventory control procedure as suggested in this chapter is being followed in a company. What reactions would you expect from the Purchase Manager and from the Manager, Physical Distribution?
‘Inventory is a part of manufacturing strategy.’ Do you agree with this statement? If so, explain why it should be only a part of the total manufacturing strategy?
How would you fit in inventory control as a part of the wider organisational strategy? Are the inventory models real optimising models?
If you have answered the above questions, explain how you would relate inventory control with purchasing, manufacturing, sales and physical distribution?
Srinivasa Iyengar’s Bakery in Bangalore makes ‘aloogedde buns’, one of its fast selling products. From the past history, Srinivasa Iyengar estimates the demand pattern to be as follows:Demand
Sainath Electrical Works buys electrical switches locally, for use in its assembly of a variety of electrical products. Sainath observes that the usage pattern of these bought out switches follows a
The buying process takes one week. The inventory holding cost is Rs. 5 per unit per year and the cost of ordering is Rs. 200/-per order. Sainath desires to allow for only 2 stock-out situations in a
Bharati Fibre Products Limited produces a special fibre in its plant at the rate of 5000 metres per hour. The fibre is used in the other products made by Bharati, at the rate of 20,000 metres per day
Compute the EOQ, given the following:No. of units bought at a time Price per unit,(Rs.)less than 1000 10.00 1000 to 2999 9.85 3000 and more 9.70 The order cost is Rs. 60 per order and the carrying
Velayudhan & Company (VACO) buys the following items for use in production:Price per unit (Rs.) Weekly Usage (units)Bushings 160 20 Spl. gaskets 50 30 Rings 20 180 Seals 250 20 Pins 10 75 Each of
Visit an operations facility of any manufacturing or service organisation. Study its inventory management function. Present a report on your observations and discuss possible improvements.
What are the drawbacks of ‘service level’ concepts in maintaining Buffer Stocks of inventory?
EOQ concept optimizes the relevant costs of inventory. Then, why is it often found to be lacking in validity in practice?
How does MRP propose to surmount the above two drawbacks?
‘Safety Stock and EOQ concepts are inimical to the MRP System’. Discuss.
‘Installing MRP system tends to bring in an integration of the Materials Management, Production Management and other functions in the organisation’. Discuss the preceding statement.
What are the ‘independent demand’ items? Give examples. Do spare parts belong to the‘independent demand’ category?
Is the ‘when?’ question more important than ‘how much?’ in Materials Management? If so, why?
What is the role of MIS in the successful implementation of MRP?
Stick-fast Adhesives Ltd. makes adhesive plasters, cellophane tapes, plastic-coated adhesive tapes, etc. all of which need the basic ingredients of special rubber (Code: RB 342)and a resin (Code: RS
Does ERP implementation require organisational preparation? Discuss.
What is Internet connectivity? Whether and how is it important in today’s business world?
What are the implications of B2B and B2C on Production and Operations Management?
List the socio-economic conditions necessary for B2B and B2C to flourish. Explain your response.
How does codification help in standardisation? Explain.
When would the ‘decimal code’ as illustrated below be useful?520.2 520.21 520.214
Is there a difference between Standardisation and Variety Reduction? Discuss.
What are the merits of codification, in general?
How would you go about installing a new computerised codification system in an organisation? Discuss the steps involved, problems anticipated, if any, and your proposals to overcome these problems.
A company is deciding on suitable materials handling equipment for loading and unloading heavy cases. The cases are presently spread or dumped in an irregular manner on the floor. If the alternative
How do codification and standardisation help reduce inventories? Suppose an item is kept in inventory under two separate names. Explain on that basis.
Explain the importance of good preservation, packing and marking of the materials.
You are asked by your superior to ‘look after the problem of scrap’. What will your actions be?
Discuss the importance of documentation in Stores Management.
What are the merits and demerits of an analytical method for the choice of location of a warehouse to serve the customers in a region?
For the decision to establish a warehouse or a number of warehouses, what are the relevant costs? What are the tangible and intangible costs?
What is a Transportation Problem? How is it different from the Warehouse Location Problem discussed in this chapter?
How would you go about optimally locating a given number of warehouses with given capacities to serve the customers whose demands are known? (The transportation costs per unit tonne-km are known.)
Compare the Transportation Problem with the Linear Programming Problem.
In scheduling the routes of transportation vehicles, why is a flower-petal contour for the route preferred?
What other methods of scheduling routes are available in the Operations Research literature?
What is the scope of Logistics Management?
What is the justification, if any, for including Inventory Control in Logistics Management?
In your opinion, what should be the objective of the Logistics Department?
How are purchasing and sales decisions influenced by logistics decisions?
If in the Transportation Problem the total capacity or availability with the warehouses does not match with the total requirements of the customers to be served, how would you go about formulating
In Question 12, if we reverse the availabilities for the requirements and vice versa, so that W, X, Y and Z represent the warehouses and A, B and C represent the customers, (the cost matrix remaining
Solve the vehicle routing problem given in the chapter with the following constraint in addition to the constraint given in the chapter. The new constraint is regarding the loading capacity of the
Three plants are supplying cement to 4 regional warehouses. The availabilities at the plants are respectively 2, 3 and 4 units, the requirements of the warehouses are 1, 4, 2 and 2 respectively. The
A warehouse caters to the needs of 3 customers. The tonnages catered to the 3 customers are 1000, 2000 and 2500 respectively. The customers are located at (2, 0) (7, 0) and (0, 5).Find the optimal
In the future when B2B and B2C e-commerce may be the predominant modes of conducting business, how should Physical Distribution Management (PDM) function have modified itself? What is your vision for
A supplier has three customers. Deliveries are made daily. The point-to-point travel time is 1 hour each and the time to load/unload at each point is ½ hour. There is one truck and there are three
Study any transport company’s operations. Present an actionable report on the service quality of that company.
Is supply chain management a philosophy? Discuss.
What have the recent technological developments got to do with supply chain management? Discuss.
Describe the use of information technology in supply chains.
If a supply chain is a multi-tiered system, where should the chain stop?
Discuss the similarities and dissimilarities, if any, between Japanese Keiretsu and supply chains.
How does a supply chain make any company more competitive?
What are the comparative advantages of India? How are those useful in building supply chains with international partners?
Referring to Question 7, how are those comparative advantages likely to shift in the shortrun and/or long-run? Discuss.
Discuss the concept of ‘core competence’ in relation to the supply chains. What if the core competence of a member company in a supply chain were to change after some time?
Are there risks in sharing information with other business partners? What are the safeguards for the same in the supply chains?
Can the principles of supply chain be applied within an organisation? How? Discuss.
Do you see similarities between the concepts and practice of Just-In-Time (JIT) system and that of supply chain management? Can JIT be applied in supply chain management?Give examples.
Can the designing of a product be outsourced? Discuss.
Are there any demerits of relationship-orientation in business? Certain countries are said to have too much of relationship-orientation. Is it an advantage or a disadvantage?Discuss.
In selecting suppliers, other than the criterion of price what should a company look for?
In this chapter, in the context of supply chains a purchasing manager is described as a coach. What is the significance of the word ‘coach’? Discuss.
How can the services sector use the principles of supply chain management? Can there be supply chains in the service industry? Discuss.
Have the objectives of production and operations management changed over the years?Is supply chain management just another short-lived management fad? Discuss.ASSIGNMENT QUESTION
Visit ancillary industries of a large organization. What is their operational relationship with the parent organization ? Present a management report including your recommendations for operational
Can every purchase be called as ‘outsourcing’? Discuss.
“Outsourcing is more relevant to a manufacturing industry than to a service industry.” Do you agree with this statement? Discuss your response.
Explain the concept of ‘contract manufacturing’.
Explain the concept of ‘transformational outsourcing’.
How can outsourcing help a start-up company? Discuss.
When should a firm outsource? Explain.
Is there a difference between a BPO and a KPO? Discuss.
“Many of the activities of the HR function of an organisation can be outsourced.” Do you agree with this statement? Explain your response.
How could the ‘demand management’ aspects of a firm’s operations be outsourced? Explain.
Why can India be a good place for ‘contract research’? Explain.
Design and R&D are generally vital functions in an organisation. Can these be outsourced? Under what circumstances? Discuss.
What are the special concerns while outsourcing for the following industries? (a) Banking(b) Healthcare (c) Media (d) Airlines
Explain the phenomenon of ‘offshoring’ in the context of ‘global supply chains’.
With the rapid growth of outsourcing, what are the challenges before World Trade Organisation (WTO)? Discuss.ASSIGNMENT QUESTION

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